European Union

Council of Bars and Law Societies of Europe (CCBE)

Guidance Issued

Ethics Opinions & Guidance

CCBE Recommendations on AI in Legal Practice

Use of Artificial Intelligence in the Legal Profession

2023

The CCBE issued recommendations for European lawyers on the use of AI, emphasizing GDPR compliance, professional secrecy, and human oversight.

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Key Requirements for AI Use

  • EU AI Act compliance — AI tools must meet risk classification requirements
  • GDPR compliance — mandatory for all AI tools processing client personal data
  • Professional secrecy — equivalent of attorney-client privilege must be maintained
  • Human oversight — AI must remain under meaningful human control
  • Data residency — client data may need to remain within the EU

Important Notes

The EU AI Act categorizes many legal AI tools as high-risk, requiring conformity assessments. GDPR is strictly enforced for any AI tool processing personal data.